Nano ZnO∶Al was prepared by Sol-Gel method using zinc nitrate hexahydrate and aluminum nitrate nonahydrate as zinc source and doping agent respectively. The samples were characterized by the Xray diffraction analysis (XRD), the transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the X ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The results indicated that the synthesized samples prepared by SolGel method were hexagonal wurtzite structure and exhibited good crystallinity when the molar concentration of the precursor was 0.25 mol/L, the temperature of the heat treatment was 450 ℃ and the molar fraction of the doped Al was 3%. The XPS also confirmed that the Al3+was doped into the ZnO crystal, the sample was spherical and the particle size decreased with the increase of the precursor concentration while the ultraviolet emission peak and the weak blue light defect peak intensity at the corresponding room temperature PL spectra decreased with the increase of the concentration.