When the coal mine comprehensive mining equipment works, it will generate large vibration. The piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) system can be used to collect the vibration energy during the mining equipment working and realize the selfpower supply of the wireless monitoring node of the mining equipment, thus the problems such as limited service life of traditional chemical battery, difficulty in replacement and environmental pollution are expected to solve. The resonant frequency of the traditional linear energy harvesting device is difficult to meet the complex and variable requirements of external vibration, resulting in low energy efficiency. How to improve the energy harvesting efficiency of piezoelectric vibration system is an urgent problem to be solved. The multidirection is an effective way to improve piezoelectric energy harvesting efficiency in complex vibration environments. The researches on multidirectional vibration energy harvesting by domestic and foreign scholars from the two energy conversion modes of impact and cantilever beam are summarized and analyzed in this paper. The efficiency improvement technology of multidirectional vibration energy harvesting system is analyzed from the aspects of array, selftuning, nonlinearity, frequency pumping and elastic amplifier etc. Finally, the prospects of multidirectional piezoelectric energy harvesting technology are presented from the aspects of using new piezoelectric materials to enhance energy harvesting efficiency,the engineering applications by considering nonlinearity and multifield coupling dynamic optimization of energy harvesting structure.