In order to accurately and effectively distinguish the effects of mass loading and damping loading of a quartz resonator vibrating in damping environment, the energy transfer model(ETM) was introduced to deduce functional relationship between the product of absolute viscosity and density of the liquid deposit and the maximum amplitude of vibration at the quartzresonator surface. Then the effect of mass loading could be rapidly distinguished from damping loading by measuring the frequency shift and the amplitude of QCM simultaneously. This method provided a new theoretical basis for the application of QCM immunosensor in medical diagnosis.