In order to realize the data transmission between the FPGA master control chip and the host computer in the resonant optical gyro, and be convenient for the realtime adjustment of various parameters of the gyro and optimize the working state of the gyro, the fullduplex communication RS422 serial port and USB interface are used to realize the connection between the digital detection system of the FPGAbased resonant optical gyroscope and MATLAB host computer.Based on the analysis of the working principle of the gyro, the software and hardware of the RS422 serial port in the gyro system and the communication function design of the host computer are emphasized.The experimental results show that the data transmission system is stable, flexible and reliable, and can realize the data transmission between the resonant optical gyroscope and the MATLAB host computer.